成佛・神變・加持

認識《大日經》02 Understanding the Mahāvairocana Sūtra – Part 02

不空師父/文 Written by Master BuKong

「成佛」一詞，意即證得圓滿的覺悟。 The term "attaining Buddhahood" refers to the realization of perfect enlightenment.

透過真實無妄的智慧，清楚明瞭地認知過去、現在、未來的一切因緣，明白眾生與非眾生，常與無常等一切法的本質，所以稱為「大覺」。「佛」就是這樣的「大覺悟者」，因此「成佛」就是「成就大覺」。 Through true and non-deceptive wisdom, one clearly and thoroughly understands all causes and conditions of the past, present, and future; comprehends the nature of all phenomena, including beings and non-beings, permanence and impermanence. Therefore, it is called "Great Enlightenment." A "Buddha" is precisely such a "Great Enlightened One," and so "attaining Buddhahood" means the "fulfillment of Great Awakening."

「神變加持」，譯作「神力所加持」或「佛的護念」。 "Miraculous Empowerment" (Shenbian Jiashi) can be translated as "empowerment by divine power" or "the protection and mindfulness of the Buddha."

這是在說成就大正覺的境界，超出凡夫心識作用範圍，於現前了悟諸法本不生的實相，非語言與思維所能描述與觸及的範疇。 This refers to the state of realizing supreme enlightenment, which transcends the ordinary workings of the mind. It is the direct realization of the unborn nature of all phenomena—a reality that lies beyond what language can describe and thought can grasp.

所以說，若無如來的神通威德作為加持，即是十地菩薩亦無法了知此境，更何況是在生死輪迴中的眾生。 Thus, without the empowering force of the Tathāgata’s divine power and spiritual might, even a bodhisattva at the tenth stage would be unable to comprehend such a realm—let alone those still bound in the cycle of birth and death.

世尊因過去所發的深切慈悲大願，心中思惟：「如果只是安住於此境中，眾生將無法蒙受利益。」 Due to the deep compassionate vow made in the past, the World-Honored One (the Buddha) reflected, “If I were to remain solely in this realm, sentient beings would not be able to receive any benefit from it.”

因此，世尊住於名為「自在神力加持三昧」中，普遍為所有眾生示現他們所樂見的種種形象、說出契合眾生根性的法語、依照他們的心行開示通往智慧的觀照之門。 Therefore, the Buddha abides in a meditative state called the “Samādhi of Miraculous Empowerment through Sovereign Power,” universally displaying various forms that sentient beings delight in seeing, speaking Dharma suited to their capacities, and opening gateways to insight based on their mental dispositions.

但這一切的示現，不是從凡夫的角度，認為有一實在不變的本體－毘盧遮那佛的身語意中真實產生的，這些示現在時間與空間上都沒有生滅的界限，好比幻術師以咒語加持藥草，變化出許多從未見過的境界。 Yet all these manifestations are not produced from what ordinary beings would perceive as the fixed body, speech, or mind of Vairocana Buddha. These manifestations have no boundaries in time or space regarding arising or ceasing. They are like a magician who, empowered by spells and herbs, conjures astonishing phenomena never before seen.

這些幻化應現能使眾生的五情（眼耳鼻舌身）感受喜悅，從而生起歡喜的意念、信心與修行心，過後加持之力即隱沒而謝。 These illusory manifestations please the five senses of sentient beings—eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and body—bringing joy to their minds, arousing faith and the will to practice. When the empowering force is withdrawn, these illusions naturally vanish.

如來的金剛幻化也是這樣，因緣盡則幻滅，因緣起則幻生，雖然是幻象，但對眾生的影響卻是真實，由於這種神力加持沒有開始與終止，所以說《大日經》全名為《大毘盧遮那成佛神變加持經》。 In the same way, the vajra-like illusions of the Tathāgata arise when conditions ripen and cease when conditions dissipate. Though they are illusory, their effect upon sentient beings is real. Because such miraculous empowerment has no beginning or end, the full title of this scripture is “The Mahāvairocana Sūtra on the Attainment of Buddhahood through Miraculous Empowerment.”

但如依照梵文原典的全名，《大毘盧遮那成佛神變加持經》的完整名稱應該還要加上「大廣博因陀羅王經」。也就是《大毘盧遮那成佛神變加持大廣博因陀羅王經》。 However, according to the full Sanskrit title, this sūtra should also include “The Vast and Extensive Scripture of Indra’s Sovereignty.” That is, the complete name would be “The Great Vast Sūtra of Indra’s Sovereignty: The Mahāvairocana Sūtra on the Attainment of Buddhahood through Miraculous Empowerment.”

「因陀羅王」就是帝釋天，意思是這部經典是諸佛如來最深秘的法藏，在所有大乘法教中具崇高威德，就像有千眼的帝釋天是諸天之主一樣，但這樣一來經名太長，因此後來略去部分名稱不存。 “Indra’s Sovereignty” refers to Śakra (Indra), the lord of the heavens. It implies that this sūtra is the most secret and essential treasury of all Tathāgatas, possessing supreme virtue among all Mahāyāna teachings—just as Śakra, with his thousand eyes, reigns as king of the gods. However, due to the excessive length of the full title, later versions omit a portion of the name.

Translated into English by ChatGPT.